Posting ini didapat dari film komik yang wajib ditonton oleh peserta kuliah teori pembangunan, ini baru sebagian dari isinya karena panjang sekali ternyata...semoga bermanfaat ^^
o
fish story
•
once upon
an island lived three men who fished for food everyday...
a: able,
b: baker, c: charlie
•
but after
much trouble they each managed to catch one fish per day
•
and
everyday able,
baker, and charlie consumed the fish each had caught, enabling
them to survive to the next day to catch another fish...
•
this is
survival, and that's about all...and so, in this super simple island society
there are..no savings, no investment, no credit!! everything
that is produced is consumed!
•
one
night, looking up into the star-studded sky, able is struck by a
thought...there must be more to life than catch,eat,and catch! >.<
•
his think
box started grinding...
and the idea for a fish-catcher is born...
a: i'll
call it a net!
•
so the next day...
a: i need
net materials!
able is
living out a few every
basic economic priciples in order to improve his way of life... he
is underconsuming and he is taking a risk!!
•
his
friends snooze contenedly toward a new day of hand fishing...
•
at day's
end able has completed his net! he has created capital through his self
sacrice! while
able cant sleep for hunger and worry about his risk taking experiment...
•
the next
day baker and charlie make much sport of able's invention, the
laughs soon fade to gasps...
•
and by
days end able has caught 2 fish ...
baker and charlie each the usual...
o
able's saving create capital
•
since the
island society had no store of savings the island's first piece of capital
equipment was derived solely from able's willingness to deny himself food
for 1 day!
•
without a
supply of savings (capital) an economy cannot grow!!
•
baker and
charlie soon realize that they too could benefit from able's net... his capital!
•
but able
is nobody's fool! he remembers his self sacrifice!! hunger...risk...
•
baker and
charlie's think boxes mesh geras... and a financial idea is born! interest!!!
•
two way benefits: but it's
not only able the "capitalist' who gains...
o
able's saving options
- he simply might hold onto his savings for
possible future emergency use, but of course, then they wouldn't grow..
- he could indulge himself and consume all his
savings...
- he could loan out his four fish to baker and
charlie and get back eight fish if they succeeded in building nets!
- but still another possiblity struck able...
a: instead
of loaning fish (consumption goods) to baker and charlie to sustain themselves
while they build a net (a capital good), why not use the fish myself? i'll
consume one fish per day for two days while i build two more nets... then
i'll still have two fish and i'll own three nets.., next, i
can rent a net to baker and charlie for 1/2 a fish per day, a reasonable fee...
baker and
charlie will each be able to catch two fish per day with the nets!
c:
since i wouldn've caught 1 fish without the net, and substracting 1/2 fish
rent... i'm now 1/2 fish richer!
b: it
beats the hard work of hand finishing whereby 1 can catch only 1 fish per day! ^^
a:
... i can retire and work again, with fish per month rental fees coming in! it
beats loaning 4 fish to baker and charlie to build their own nets! that would
have earned me a total of only 4 fish! of course baker and charlie might only rent the nets
for 2 days... then use their savings to build nets for themselves.. i'd be only
2 fish ahead!
what to do? ... loan out 4 fish, so baker and charlie
can build their own nets, and get 8 fish back, or... eat two of my fish while
building 2 more nets for rental that might bring back only 2 fish but possibly
steady retirement earnings?
decisions...
decisions! but no matter which way he goes, if baker and charlie are
succesful, able will have increased his and society capital!
o review
•
able (and
society) has only five things he can do woth his savings gained by self-sacrifice...
- he can save what he has saved
- he can consume what he has saved
- he can loan out what he has saved...
- he can invest what he has saved... b&c: we've got food... let's take a day to build nets!
- or he can try a combination of all four choices!!
whatever
able does it will be based upon the relative risk and profitrewards & his
personal economic
needs!
o saving
options:
- save savings
- consume
- loan out
- invest
- combination
o moral
right:
•
so only
able has the moral and equitable right to decide how to use his property!!
•
whatever
choice able makes eventually will enable the community to generate 3 extra fish
per day, assuming they all continue to work just as hard!
o what
about greed??
bird 1: won't
it be bad if able turns out to be a greedy guy, wanting more and more wealth?
bird 2: bad
for who??
•
the only
way able's
wealth can increase is if he makes his wealth available to members his of the
community!
able
shop: equipment rental! fish loans!
•
the noble
thing about private capitalism is that
it forces those who may
only be motivated by personal gain to raise the standard of living of others!
owl: otherwise
his wealth will stay the same or get smaller as he personally uses it up!
•
so able
decides to loan 4 fish to baker & charlie...
b: now
we have fish to eat while we build our own nets!
•
the nets
are made...and they now catch enough fish to eat and to pay back their loan to
able..now able has profited from his loan, and so have baker and charlie...
a: i'm
4 fish richer!
b&c: we own
nets we did'nt own before!
o expansion
•
now b and
c fish for a full week, saving enough fish to enable them to devote another
week's effrot on a still bigger capital project...this much
larger project requires more and new materials... plus ingenuity...
the better fish trap
c: out
big trap foh continually!
b:
outside of a few repairs now and then, we only have to gather the fish we want
to eat each day,,, plus some extras to save!!
b:now we
have plenty to eat and lots of leisure with savings to boot!
c: we dont
have a care in the world!
c: huh?
what do you know about the fush bussines owl???
owl: i
know plenty about disasters chump!>.<
o
natural
disasters...
•
acts of
god...these
may disupt the island's economy by damaging its capital... the big fish trap...
c: the
flood has destroyed our trap!
b: there
go my savings!!!
owl: but
when we find "hard timed" (such as recession and depression) in the
absence og natural disasters, their cause is man made!!
o unnatural
disaters
•
throughout
histroy unnatural disasters have been caused by nonproductive politicians
meddling in the natural economic order to steal the productivity of some for
the benefit of others
, "inflation“
people:
let's take from the "haves" and give to the "have nots"!
o
island consume debt
•
suppose
baker and charlie approached able for a "vacatiuon loan" instead of a
loan for building nets...
•
can able expand credit?
politician and bankers frequently refer to "expanding" or
"easing" of credit! but can anybody do this at command? can a statist
magician really make more wealth available to loan by a merewave of his magic
wand?
•
the
obvious answer is no! nobody can loan out something they dont have! any attempt
to do, so is trickery and fraud!the island's total supply of credit is limited
by its total supply of fish!
o
emergency loan for consumption
•
able has
wisely rejected baker and chalie's request for a vacation (consumption) loan, and a
week later...
baker and charlie cannot fish because of a storm or
sickness...
•
now, out
of compassion, able makes a consumer loan out of his sacrificially accumulated
savings so that baker and charlie can eat and live to work another day
•
but
suppose able had granted the priginal & needless consumption loan for a
vacation..baker and charlie squander the island's savings having fun on the
beach... and
then a storm strikes
in their weakened condition disease could take over...
•
result...
the island society could be totally wiped-out, thanks to "consumer
debt", the great waster!
o
survival of the savers
•
if on the
otherhand, able refused to make the "vacation loan" he would have had
"emergency funds" available to weather the storm...
•
a
depression or a recession has set in! yes, savings can mean the difference betweet the life
and death of society!
o
capital loan risk
•
of course, not all investments or capital loans work
out, and this can also bring about a reduction and a waste of society's store
of savings! but the ones that work make up for the ones thaht dont!
•
able may
have made loans to bakre and charlie to build nets, but...
b: i'm a
poor net-maker!
c:where
are all the fish today?
•
or able
may have used up his capital builiding more nets for himself, but..
a: i cant
find enough supplies!
baker and charlie irrationally refuse to rent my nets!
•
goverment
programs encouraging loans to poor quality and high risk applicants develop a
higher degree of capital failure, and waste society's savings in the same way
as granting consumer credit!
o
enter the bully
•
but now
let us suppose, that, while baker and charlie were attempting to negociate a
consumer loan from able for a vacation fanklin dee the island's bully showed
up...
•
today, in
america, the influence of politicians on loaning institutions operates in much
the same way as
franklin dee, to:
- waste savings by encouraging the uneconomic use
of credit
- discourage savings by reducing if not completely
eliminating the rewards of thrift
o
the island economy growns
•
now lets
see how the same economic rules that
operate in a simple economic society also apply to a more complicated one
•
able's
initial willingness to create capital throug his own personal sacrifice has
benefited many other islanders.
•
now there
are many "ables" fishing with their own nets...but not everybody has
the skills of netmaking and fishing...
•
some
islanders borrow fish to sustain themselves while they build the tools of other
trades...boat
builders..buggy builders..
•
the
islanders continued to use fish as a medium of exchange. all wages and prices
were quoetd in terms of so many fish: as were the terms of loans. and since
each person on the island consumed one fish per day, the island's price
structure was related to their daily consumption of fish!
BalasHapusnice information and best artical: Cricket Practice Nets in Hyderabad